Phonics and Rules Contents

Phonics & Rules

 

Part 1

Short Vowels

1.       Short A : CVC (a)

 

 

2.       Short I: CVC (i)

 

 

3.       Short O: CVC (o)

 

 

4.       Short U: CVC (u)

 

 

5.       Short E: CVC (e)

 

 

6.       Short Vowels Mix Test

 

<ck> on end of Word

7.        (_ack, _eck, _ick, _ock, _uck)

 

Double Consonants

8.       -ll (ill, ull). -ff, -ss, -zz

 

 

9.       -ll (all, oll, ull)

 

 

 

Part 2

<ch> on end of words

1.       <tch> and <ch>

 

Initial Blends

2.       bl-, cl-, fl-, pl-

 

 

3.       br-, cr-, fr-, dr-

 

 

4.       pr-, tr-, gr-

 

 

5.       sp-, sw-, sm-

 

 

6.       st-, tw-

 

 

7.       gl, tr, sn, sc, sk

 

Digraphs

8.       <sh>

 

 

9.       <th>

 

 

10.   <wh> <ph> <gh>

 

Final Sounds

11.   <nk>, <nd>

 

 

12.   <st> <mp>

 

 

13.   <ft>, <nt>, <lt>, <lf>

 

 

14.   ng, -sk

 

 

15.   <ct>, <sp>, <lk>, <lp>, <lm>

 

Three Letter Blends

16.   <scr> <thr> <str> <shr> <spr> <squ> <sch> <spl>

 

 

 

Part 3

Long A

Long A :a_e Magic e (1) & (2)

 

 

<ay>

 

 

<ai>

 

 

<ain> <ail>

 

 

<eigh>

 

 

Long A Mix Test

 

Long U

Long U: u_e Magic e

 

 

Long U:<ew>

 

 

Long U:<ue>

 

 

Long & Short U and Others:<oo>

 

 

Long U Mix Test

 

Long O

Long O: o_e Magic e & Irregular

 

 

<ow> and the /ow/ sound

 

 

<oa>

 

 

<oat>

 

 

<oe>

 

 

Long O Mix Test

 

Long i

Long i: i_e Magic e (1) & (2)

 

 

y_e Magic e

 

 

y at the end of word/syllable

 

 

<igh>

 

 

<ie>

 

 

Long i: Mix Test

 

Long E

Long E: e_e magic e

 

 

<ee> & <ea> (1) & (2)

 

 

Long E: /ee/ for <ea>

 

 

Long E Mix Test

 

 

 

Part 4

Illegal Letters at End of Words

Illegal Letters at End of Words (i-y)

 

 

Illegal Letters at End of Words (final e)

 

 

dge/ge

 

 

c before e, i, y says /s/

 

 

g before e, i, y may say /j/

 

 

qu words

 

 

C or CK when adding suffix

 

 

Open Vowels

 

 

ex words

 

 

 

Part 5

Adding Vowel/Consonant Suffix

Simple +ed

 

 

E Ending Base + ed

 

 

E Ending Base + suffix

 

 

Simple + ing 1 & 2

 

Doubling (Suffix)

Double + ing

 

 

Doubling Rule + suffix (1 syllable)

 

 

Doubling Rule + Suffix ( >1 Syllable/Final Syllable)

 

y ending base

y - ied

 

 

Adding a suffix to a word final <y> word, return <y> to <i>

 

 

Y Ending Base + Suffix Mix

 

 

 

Part 6

Plurals

Plurals Simple +s

 

 

Plurals Simple +es

 

 

Plurals Consonant + Y (+ies)

 

 

Plurals Consonant + Y (+ies)

 

 

Plurals Vowel + Y (+s)

 

 

Plurals Words ending in consonant + O

 

 

Plurals Words ending in vowel + O

 

 

Plurals Words ending in f or fe (+ves)

 

 

Irregular Plurals

 

 

Mix Plurals

 

 

 

Part 7

Consonant + le

Consonant + le words

 

Illegal Letters

Illegal Letters at End of Words (i-y) 1 & 2

 

Endings

ending -ly, -ey, -dy-, -ty

 

Words ending in

<ow>

 

 

<ct>

 

 

<ire>

 

 

 

Part 8

 

<aw> <au>

 

Final Silent E

Final Silent E can make <c> say /s/ and <g> say /j/

 

Homophones

Homophones 1,2 & 3

 

Hard & Soft

Hard & Soft G

 

 

Hard & Soft C

 

Others

aught/ought

 

 

age words

 

 

all, alk, ald words

 

 

tion, sion, cian

 

 

 

Part 9

When ____ says /er/

When ar says /er/

 

 

When or says /er/

 

 

When ur says /er/

 

 

When ir says /er/

 

 

When our and ear says /er/

 

R Controlled Vowels

R Controlled Vowels /ar/: <ar>

 

 

R Controlled Vowels /or/: <or>, <ore>, <oar>

 

 

R Controlled Vowels /ur/: <ir> <ur> <er> <ure>

 

 

R Controlled Vowels /eer/: <eer> <ear>

 

 

R Controlled Vowels <ire> <ier> <er>

 

 

R Controlled Vowels <or> <our>

 

Other

/er/ words

 

 

 

Part 10

Returning y to i

Returning y to i, adding th or s, add the e

 

Diphthongs

<ou> <ow>

 

 

<oy> <oi>

 

Words ending in

<ain>

 

 

<ue>

 

 

<us> or <ous>

 

 

<cal> or <cle>

 

 

<ary>, <ery>, <ory>

 

 

<al> and <el>

 

 

<able> and <ible>

 

 

Suffixes: ance, ant, ancy/ence, ent, ency

 

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